Answer :
Final answer:
The legal justification required to make an arrest is called probable cause, which indicates that law enforcement must have reasonable grounds to believe that a crime has been committed. This standard is stricter than reasonable suspicion, which allows officers to stop individuals for questioning. In summary, probable cause is essential for lawful arrests and searches.
Explanation:
Legal Justification for Arrest
In the realm of law, understanding the legal justification necessary for an arrest is crucial. The primary standard that police must meet to carry out an arrest is known as probable cause. This means that law enforcement must have a reasonable belief, based on factual evidence, that a crime has been committed or that the individual being arrested is involved in criminal activity.
The concept of probable cause is more stringent than reasonable suspicion, which allows officers to stop and briefly detain a person, as established in Terry v. Ohio (1968). In this landmark case, the Supreme Court ruled that police can stop and frisk individuals when they have a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity.
Furthermore, judges require this standard of probable cause when issuing warrants or when exigent circumstances are at play. For instance, officers do not need a warrant to search a vehicle if they have probable cause to believe it contains evidence of a crime.
It's important to note that the exclusionary rule applies to arrests and searches, meaning any evidence obtained unlawfully may not be used in court.
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