Answer :
In a sentence that begins with "Dr. Benton Jones, a winner of the Nobel Prize for his chemistry theories," the phrase 'a winner of the Nobel Prize for his chemistry theories' is an appositive. Therefore, the correct option is A.
A noun or noun phrase that renames or adds information about another noun that is immediately adjacent to it is known as an appositive. In this instance, "a winner of the Nobel Prize for his chemistry theories" gives us further details about "Dr. Benton Jones."
It describes Dr. Benton Jones in further detail and cites one of his noteworthy accomplishments—winning the Nobel Prize for his chemistry theories—as one of his noteworthy accomplishments.
Thus, the ideal selection is option A.
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The complete question might be:
In a sentence that begins with "Dr. Benton Jones, a winner of the Nobel Prize for his chemistry theories," the phrase 'a winner of the Nobel Prize for his chemistry theories' is a(n) ______________________.
A -appositive-
B -verbal-
C -gerund-
D -infinitive-